A new Spanish national security report reveals a dramatic shift in irregular migration trends, with Mali emerging as the top country of origin for migrants arriving in Spain by sea—a 543% increase compared to 2023. The surge is attributed to escalating insecurity and economic collapse across the Sahel, particularly in Mali and neighboring Senegal. The renewed use of trans-Sahelian corridors—particularly through Agadez in Niger—has reactivated smuggling routes that were previously subdued under international migration compacts.
Spanish authorities warn that the sharp rise in asylum seekers is overburdening reception centers, especially in the Canary Islands, and creating new logistical and humanitarian challenges for Europe.
The report underscores the increasing role of Sahel instability in shaping European migration patterns, with continued unrest, military takeovers, and economic stagnation driving outward movement across West Africa.
