Uganda President Yoweri Museveni has signed a controversial new law aimed at preventing foreign interference in the country, despite mounting criticism from opposition groups, civil society organizations and human rights advocates. The new “Protection of Sovereignty” law, approved by parliament earlier this month, criminalizes actions considered to promote foreign interests at the expense of Uganda’s national interests. Offenders could face prison sentences of up to 10 years. The legislation also prohibits individuals or organizations from developing or implementing policies without government approval, a move critics say could significantly expand state control over civic and political activities. Museveni, 81, has long accused opposition figures, activists and non-governmental organizations of receiving foreign funding to destabilize the East African country and undermine his government.
The law has triggered concern among journalists, rights groups and sections of Uganda’s private sector, who warn it could restrict freedom of expression, weaken civil society and discourage foreign investment. Former deputy attorney general and finance minister Mwesigwa Rukutana urged the government to reconsider the legislation, saying it had faced opposition from “almost all segments of society.” “My advice is to do widespread consultations to improve on it, to make it less toxic or better still, shelve it,” he said. Human Rights Watch criticized the law, arguing that it resembles legislation introduced in Russia and allied states that have been used to silence dissent and target activists through broadly defined legal provisions. Analysts say the law could further tighten political space in Uganda ahead of future elections, as concerns continue to grow over restrictions on opposition parties, media freedom and civic activism during Museveni’s decades-long rule. Museveni has been in power since 1986, making him one of Africa’s longest-serving leaders.
